Che horhis petehs co



(No Model.)

4 J. H. SHAW.

LOGK.

No. 469,951. Patented Mam. 1, 1892.

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NITED Srnfrnsf ATEN'T Price,

JOHN l-I. SHAW, OF NEV HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO THE SARGENT dz;COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 469,951, dated March 1,1892.

Application filed November 2, 1891. Srial No. 410,559. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHN H. SHAW, ot New Haven, in the county of NewHaven and State of Connecticut, have invented a new Improvement inCylinder-Locks; andI do hereby declare the following,-when taken inconnection with accompanying drawings and the letters of referencemarked thereon, to be afull, clear, and exact description of the same,and which 1o said drawings constitute part of this specification, andrepresent, in-

Figure l, a longitudinal central section cutting through the plane'ofthe key-hole with all the parts in the normal position; Fig. 2,

' the same section showing the principal key in place for operation Fig.3, the same section showing the master-key in place for operation; Fig.4, a vertical section cutting on line a; fr of Fig. l.

This inventionl relates to an improvement iu that class ofcylinder-locks in which the cylinder is made rotative within its caseandl constructed to receivea flat key introduced longitudinally into thekey-hole of the cylinder, the edge of the key bitted, combined with aseries ot' tumblers in the case adapted to engage with the cylinder anda corresponding series of pins in the cylinder, upon which the bittededge of the key is adapted 3o to work, so that upon theinsertion of thekey the pins of the cylinder will force the tuinblers out of engagementwith the cylinder,

and so as to permit the cylinder to be turned by the key.

The object of this invention is a simple construction whereby this classof lock may be `adapted to the employment of a master-key which willunlock a series of locks, while the principal key of each lock willoperate that 4o particular lock, but none of the others of the series;and the invention consists in the construction, as hereinafterdescribed, and particularly recited in the claim.

A represents the cylinder, which is arranged within the case B in theusual manner and is constructed with the usual longitudinally flatkey-hole-C, through which the key may be introduced.

D, E, F, and G represent a series of tumblers, more or less in number,which are arranged in the vcase radially to the cylinder,

and so that their inner end may engage with theoylinder when thetumblers are in theirY normal position, as representedin Fig. l. Eachtumbler is provided with its own independent. spring H, the tendency ofwhich is to yieldingly hold the tumblers in their cylinder-engagingposition. The tumblers are each of larger diameter than thecorresponding hole in the cylinder with which they 6o are adapted toengage, and each tumbler is constructed with a projection a upon itslower end corresponding to the hole in the cylinder, and so'that thisformation of the ends of the tumblers produces a shoulder which willform a stop for the tumbler to arrest them in their normal or lockingposi tion. The projections ct of the several tumblers preferably vary inlength, as shown. In the cylinder radial pins d, e, f, and g are 7oarranged, corresponding to the respective tumblers and adapted to moveradially in their seats, but normally standing with their lower ends inthe same longitudinal line, as represented in Fig. l, and as usual forthe pins in this class of locks. These tumblers and pins are adapted forthe principalvkey I, (see Fig. 2,) so that when that principal key isinserted' the respective pins d, c, f, and g will be raised until theirouter ends 8o come flush with the periphery of the cylinder and so as toraise the tumblers to a corresponding point, as seen in Fig. 2, whichwill liberate the cylinder from engagement with the tumblers, and sothat by turning the key the cylinder may be rotated. As' thus fardescribed, the key-tumblers and their respective pins operatesubstantially in the usual mauner of this class of locks. Between eachtwo of the tumblers otherpins h i are introduced, 9o which normallystand with their lower ends in the same longitudinal level as theprincipal pins (l, e, f, and t, as seen in Fig. 1; but these pins h t'are shorter than the distance from the said plane tothe periphery of thecylinder, so that normally between the ends of the pins h t' andtheperiphery of the cylinder there would be a space. Into these A spacesauxiliary pins Z are arranged, the length of the auxiliary pinscorresponding 10o to the depth of the said space, and so that 4normallythe outer ends of the auxiliary pins will stand substantially' Hush withthe periphery of the cylinder, as seen in Fig. l;but the width ordiameter of these auxiliary pins 1s less than the distance between theheads or larger portion of the tumblers D E and F G, so that theshoulders of the s aid tumblers will overhang the said auxiliary pins,as clearly seen in Fig. 1.

The principal key I is constructed with its bitted edge so that it has arecess corresponding to the pins 7L il of such shape and depth that whenthe key is in place, as seen in Fig. 2, it has no effect upon the saidpins` h z', but operates simply upon the pins d, e, f, and g. Themaster-key .I (see Fig. 3) is constructed with a bitted edge havingprojections m, which are adapted to operate only upon the intermediatepins h fi, the remainder of the bit being of a shape so as to have nooperative eect upon the principal pins d, @,f, or g. The extent of theprojections m m on the bit is such that when the ke-y is in place, asseen in Fig. 3, it will raise the pins h t' so far as to take theauxiliary pinsl to a position to bring their lower ends flush with thesurface vof the cylinder, as seen in Fig. 3, and so that the auxiliarypins lwill stand in the case, while the pins 7L i will remain in thecylinder,

thus leaving the cylinder free from the case so far as the pins h 1I areconcerned. The outward or radial movement of the pins h i thus producedby the master-key causes the auxiliary pins l to operate against theshoulder of the principal tumblers D, E, F, and G, so as to raise thosetumblers out of engagement with the cylinder, and thereby leave thecylinder entirely free from engagement with the tumblers so that it maybe rotated by turning the master-keyin the same manner as by theprincipal key. The master-key pins h z' and their auxiliary pins l aremade alike throughout-a series ot tumblers for which a single master-keyis designed to oporate-and so that that one master-key will operate through the master-key pins to throw the tumblers out of engagement withthe cylinder and independent of the pins of the principal tumblers; butthe master-key pins, while inactive as to the principal key andoperative only by the masterkey, aiord an increased protection againsttampering with the lock over what the same lock would possess withoutthe master-key pins, for the Vreason that any radial movement of themaster-key pins other than that which is produced asby the-master-keywill bring the auxiliary pins into an engaging position between thecylinder and case, the same as any false position ot either of the pinsof t-he principal key would do.

While illustrating the principal pins and their tu mblers as four in number--vthat is, arranged in pairs, with an auxiliary tumbler betweeneach pair-it will be understood that the master-key pins, with theirauxiliary pins, may be employed with a less number ot tumblers andprincipal-key pins--as, for illustration,'a single pair ot tumblers D E,with their pins, may be employed with the single masterkey pin hand itsauxiliary pin l employed between them; or, as another illustration, asingle tumbler, as D, may be employed, with its principal-key pin and.also wit-h its master-key pin and auxiliary pin, so that it will beapparent that it is not necessary that the tumblers shall be arranged inpairs, it only being essential that the tumblers shall be constructedwith a'laterally-projecting head, or so as to form a shoulder withacorresponding pin for the principal key, and with a master-key pin withan auxiliary pin between the said masterkey pin and the shoulder of thetumbler.

' I am aware that cylinder-locks provided with a series of pins andtumblers have been constructed so that the tumblers may be operated byeither the principal or master key through the pins in the cylinder, andtheref fore do not claim, broadly, such a construction of cylinder-lock;but

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

In a cylinder-lock, the cylinder arranged within a case and so as to berotated therein, the cylinder constructed to receive a flat key havingits edge bitted, one or more radial tumblers arranged in the case, cachtumbler provided with its spring and each adapted to interlock thecylinder with the case,and radial principal pins arranged in thecylinder and in the plane of the key-hole, corresponding to therespective tumblers, the said tumblers constructed with alaterally-projecting shoulder, combined with a radial master-key pinarranged in the case in the plane with principalkey pin and parallelthereto, the said lnas'terkey pin divided into two lengths and adaptedunder the action of the master-key to operate upon the shoulder of thetumblers, the division in the master-key pin being such that under theaction of the master-key the outer portion will be forced from thecylinder into the case yand so as to bring the division between the twoparts into line with the periphery of the cylinder, substantially asdescribed.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence oftwo subscrib- IOO IIS

